Complementing their recent cost-benefit analysis of the ABC/CARE Program, Professor Heckman and his team look at the differences in outcomes based on gender in their paper, Gender Differences in the Benefits of an Influential Early Childhood Program. As with most early childhood studies, they find that quality early childhood education benefits low-income children, but they also find significant differences by gender. Although all children benefit most from high quality care, girls show some improvement in lower quality care and boys are actually harmed by it. Given the necessity to work, it is imperative to provide low-income families with quality child care. Failure to do so is a missed opportunity to improve lives and the national economy, especially since high quality programs pay for themselves in the short- and long-term.